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Complexité linguistique| old_uid | 10435 |
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| title | Complexité linguistique |
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| start_date | 2011/11/25 |
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| schedule | 10h-13h |
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| online | no |
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| location_info | salle Elise Rivet |
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| details | Ce séminaire sera composé de deux conférences |
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| summary | 'Une langue peut-elle être ‘Plus Complexe’ qu’une autre?'
Frederick J. Newmeyer
Le consensus à la fin du 20ème siècle était que toutes les langues sont de complexité équivalente. On croyait en cette hypothèse pour trois raisons, qui découlent de l’humanisme, du traitement du langage, et des considérations interne à la théorie. Mais chacune de ces raisons comporte des défauts assez graves. Je discute la possibilité que les langues peuvent se différencier en termes de complexité ainsi que de difficultés pour formuler une mesure de complexité relative
'Language viewed from Mars: A statistical universal and the balance of morphological and syntactic complexity'
Fermin Moscoso del Prado
I introduce a new tool for the macroscopic description of human language. A language, as represented by a corpus of text, can be described by its symbolic periodogram. This is an objective tool, analogous to the spectrograms commonly used for speech analysis. I will show that, across many languages, periodograms reveal a strikingly universal ‘shape’. Overall, the pattern consists of a tendency to avoid repetition of structures in the very short time scales, a tendency for repetitions at the very long scales, and a neutral regime in between those two. I will discuss how such statistical universal relates to a large number of phenomena that have been described in psycholinguistic research. Despite the universality of the general pattern, subtle differences also reveal particularities of individual languages. These differences demonstrate a long-held –but unproven– hypothesis: As the syntactic structure in a language becomes less complex, its morphological structure becomes more complex, as would be predicted if the total amount of linguistic structure remained fairly constant across languages. |
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| responsibles | Kern |
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