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The neuronal and actin commitment: why do neurons need rings? / Cytoskeleton-based mechanisms underlying the biology and diseases of the nervous system| old_uid | 11313 |
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| title | The neuronal and actin commitment: why do neurons need rings? / Cytoskeleton-based mechanisms underlying the biology and diseases of the nervous system |
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| start_date | 2016/03/18 |
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| schedule | 11h30 |
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| online | no |
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| location_info | salle de conférence |
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| details | Invitant : Olivier Thoumine, IINS, Team leader: Biophysics of adhesion and cytoskeleton |
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| summary | The formation of complex nervous systems requires cytoskeleton-based processes that coordinate proliferation, migration, and differentiation of neurons. Neuronal cells undergo major developmental changes as they migrate, develop axons and dendrites, and establish synaptic connections. The structural organization and dynamic remodeling of the neuronal cytoskeleton contribute to all these morphological and functional changes in neurons. Along with the actin cytoskeleton, the assembly, organization, and remodeling of the microtubule cytoskeleton are essential to successfully complete all the different stages of neuronal development.
Microtubule-based motor proteins such as kinesin and dynein recognize the intrinsic asymmetry of the microtubule lattice and drive transport to either the microtubule plus-end or minus-end. In various model systems it has been shown that the microtubule arrays within axon and dendrites are highly organized with respect to their intrinsic polarity and that this specific microtubule organization is essential to direct polarized cargo transport. In addition, alterations in microtubule organization and cargo trafficking have been described in many neurodegenerative diseases.
Thus, while the importance of the microtubule cytoskeleton for proper intracellular trafficking and cargo sorting is unambiguous, how the microtubule in axon and dendrites are organized in developing and mature neurons is largely unknown. I will discuss our efforts to identify the molecular processes that control microtubule organization and dynamics during the different stages of neuronal development. Our recent work indicates that the formation of parallel microtubule bundles in the proximal axon initiates neuronal polarity. |
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| responsibles | Deris |
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