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Computational Models of Events (Two Lectures)| old_uid | 13714 |
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| title | Computational Models of Events (Two Lectures) |
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| start_date | 2014/03/28 |
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| schedule | 11h-12h15 |
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| online | no |
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| location_info | salle 265E |
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| summary | The notion of event has long been central for both modeling the
semantics of natural language as well as reasoning in goal-driven
tasks in artificial intelligence. This talk examines developments in
computational models for events, bringing together recent work from
the areas of semantics, logic, computer science, and computational
linguistics. The goal is to look at event structure
from a unifying perspective, enabled by a new synthesis of how these
disciplines have approached the problem. This entails examining the
structure of events at all levels impacted by linguistic expressions:
(a) predicate decomposition and subatomic event structure; (b) atomic
events and the mapping to syntax; (c) events in discourse structure;
and (d) causation in the macro-event structure of narratives and
scripts.
This talk outlines a unified theory of event structure. The demands
on such a theory require it to both facilitate the systematic mapping
from semantic forms to syntactic representations and support
event-based inferences in texts. What emerges is a framework that
represents a situation and its participants in terms of subevents,
modeled dynamically through time and space. In addition, the theory
must identify events as part of larger scenarios and scripts. The
course covers recent work in this direction and models unifiying these
representational levels for event-based reasoning.
Common to all traditions is the view that events are the means by
which we model situations and changes in our world. We first examine
the subatomic structure of events from the perspective of hybrid modal
logic, using dynamic and linear temporal logics as our means of
encoding change. Then, we look at the properties of atomic event
structure, and the effects of discourse relations on temporal
inferencing. Next, we examine the problem of identifying where events
happens, which is critical for any deep causal reasoning involving
events and their participants. We will develop a procedure for "event
localization", which is the process of identifying the spatial extent
of an event, activity, or situation. Finally, we examine events above
the level of the sentence and local discourse. That is, we study how
events are structured within larger narratives and scripts, reflecting
conventionalized patterns of behavior and causal and coherence
relations within texts and discourse. |
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| responsibles | Candito |
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